In the US, crimes that "manifest evidence of prejudice based on race, religion, sexual orientation, or ethnicity, including the crimes of murder and nonnegligent manslaughter forcible rape robbery aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault intimidation and destruction, damage or vandalism of property",ĭirected at the government, an individual, a business, or institution, involving hate groups and hate crimes, may be investigated as acts of domestic terrorism. Agne argues that it is a mistake to underestimate the strength of the hate-violence movement, its apologists and its silent partners. Agne argues that hate-motivated violence is a result of the successes of the civil rights movement, and he asserts that the KKK has resurfaced and new hate groups have formed. The California Association for Human Relations Organizations (CAHRO) asserts that hate groups such as the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and White Aryan Resistance (WAR) preach violence against racial, religious, sexual and other minorities in the United States.
The amount of ideological literature which a group publishes is linked to significant decreases in a group's violent behavior, with more literature linked to lower levels of violence. Groups that share conflict-based relationships with other groups are more likely to engage in extreme violence. If a group has a charismatic leader, it is more likely to be violent. Regionally, hate groups which are based in the West and the Northeast are more likely to engage in violence than those hate groups which are based in the South. The larger an extremist group is and the longer it has existed, it is more prone to engage in violence. The alt-right is described as being "a weird mix of old-school neo-Nazis, conspiracy theorists, anti-globalists, and young right-wing internet trolls-all united in the belief that white male identity is under attack by multicultural, " politically correct" forces." Violence and hate crimes įour categories which are associated with hate groups' propensity for violence are: organizational capacity, organizational constituency, strategic connectivity, and structural arrangement. This broad term includes a range of people who reject mainstream conservatism in favor of forms of conservatism that may embrace implicit or explicit racism or white supremacy. Since 2010 the term alt-right, short for "alternative right," has come into usage. A rise in white nationalist groups from 100 in 2017 to 148 in 2018 was the most significant increase in the 2019 report. The previous high was 1,018 in 2011, and the recent low point was 2014, when the list included 784 groups. In 2019, the organization's report showed a total of 1,020 hate groups, the highest number in 20 years, and a 7% increase from 2017 to 2018. Number of SPLC hate groups per million, as of 2013Īccording to the SPLC, from 2000 to 2008, hate group activity saw a 50 percent increase in the US, with a total of 926 active groups. The Canadian Anti-Hate Network is a nonprofit organization that monitors hate groups in Canada. However, at least for the SPLC, inclusion of a group in the list "does not imply a group advocates or engages in violence or other criminal activity." According to USA Today, their list ranges from "white supremacists to black nationalists, neo-Nazis to neo-Confederates." The SPLC's definition of a "hate group" includes any group with beliefs or practices that attack or malign an entire class of people-particularly when the characteristics being maligned are immutable.
They maintain lists of what they deem to be hate groups, supremacist groups and anti-Semitic, anti-government or extremist groups that have committed hate crimes. Two private American non-profit organizations that monitor intolerance and hate groups are the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) and the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC). The FBI maintains statistics on hate crimes. In the US, the FBI does not publish a list of hate groups, and it also says that "investigations are only conducted when a threat or advocacy of force is made when the group has the apparent ability to carry out the proclaimed act and when the act would constitute a potential violation of federal law".
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